Discussion
Correctly match the economically important specialized metabolites (Group I) with their broad chemical classes (Group II).
| Group I | Group II |
|---|---|
| (P) Azadirachtin | (1) Monoterpene |
| (Q) Saponin | (2) Alkaloid |
| (R) Gallocatechin | (3) Triterpene glycoside |
| (S) Cocaine | (4) Polyphenol |
| (T) Menthol | (5) Triterpene |
Answer: C
The correct match is P-5; Q-3; R-4; S-2; T-1.
- Azadirachtin, the insecticidal compound of neem, is a limonoid, a highly oxidised triterpene (5).
- Saponins are soap-like triterpene glycosides, a triterpene aglycone carrying sugar chains (3).
- Gallocatechin is a flavan-3-ol of tea, a polyphenol (4).
- Cocaine, from coca leaves, is a tropane alkaloid (2).
- Menthol, from mint, is a C10 monoterpene (1).
The first option calls gallocatechin an alkaloid and cocaine a polyphenol; the second calls azadirachtin an alkaloid; the last swaps azadirachtin and saponin, giving the glycoside to the aglycone.
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