Discussion
Match the following :
| List - I (Characteristic) | List - II (Philosophy) |
|---|---|
| I. Learning by doing | 1. Naturalism |
| II. Education through Environment | 2. Idealism |
| III. Realization of truth, beauty and goodness | 3. Pragmatism |
| IV. “World as it is here and now” | 4. Realism |
| 5. Existentialism |
Code : I II III IV
Answer: A
The correct matching is learning by doing with pragmatism (3), education through environment with naturalism (1), realization of truth, beauty and goodness with idealism (2), and 'world as it is here and now' with realism (4), which is the code 3 1 2 4.
Learning by doing is the central slogan of Dewey's pragmatism. Rousseau's naturalism asks that the child learn from nature and the surroundings, and idealism makes the highest aim the realisation of the true, the good and the beautiful. Realism accepts the world as it is now, which is why the fourth item goes to realism. Existentialism (5) has no item in this list. The other codes put pragmatism against environment or idealism against 'here and now', which reverses the aims of those schools.
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