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Discussion

Acute effects of an air pollution episode are distinguished from chronic effects in that acute effects

  • A.Affect only healthy adults
  • B.Cannot be measured epidemiologically
  • C.Appear within hours or days of the exposure
  • D.Appear only after decades

Answer: C

The London smog of 1952 produced thousands of excess deaths within days, which is the classic demonstration. Chronic effects such as reduced life expectancy from long-term particulate exposure are larger in total but far harder to observe.

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