Discussion
Assertion (A): The Bjerknes feedback explains how an El Nino event amplifies itself.
Reason (R): Weaker trades warm the east, which weakens the trades further.
Answer: B
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason states the loop. Weakened trades reduce the upwelling and let warm water spread east; the warmer eastern Pacific reduces the west-to-east temperature contrast that drives the trades, so they weaken further. That positive feedback is the Bjerknes mechanism, and it is why a small initial anomaly can grow into a full event - and why the same loop run in reverse produces La Nina.
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