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A potential \( V = 10/r \) volts in spherical coordinates corresponds to a field of

  • A.\( (20/r^3)\,\mathbf{a}_r \) V/m
  • B.\( (10/r^2)\,\mathbf{a}_r \) V/m
  • C.\( -(10/r^2)\,\mathbf{a}_r \) V/m
  • D.\( (10/r)\,\mathbf{a}_r \) V/m

Answer: B

Correct answer: \( (10/r^2)\,\mathbf{a}_r \) V/m

\[ E_r = -\frac{dV}{dr} = -\frac{d}{dr}\left(\frac{10}{r}\right) = \frac{10}{r^2}. \] Two minus signs cancel here - the one in the definition and the one from differentiating \( 1/r \) - so the field is positive outward, as it should be for a positive charge at the origin.

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