Discussion
The potential energy of a dipole of moment \( p \) in a uniform field \( E \), when aligned with the field, is
Answer: D
The energy is \( -\mathbf{p} \cdot \mathbf{E} \), which is most negative when the moment lies along the field. That is the position of stable equilibrium, and turning the dipole to lie against the field raises the energy to \( +pE \), giving a total swing of twice the product between the two extreme orientations.
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