Discussion
In general, electrical methods are commonly employed for :
Answer: A
Electrical methods are used mainly for relatively shallow subsurface exploration.
Resistivity, induced polarisation and self-potential surveys send currents or measure natural potentials near the surface, and their depth of investigation is limited to a fraction of the electrode spread, usually tens to a few hundred metres. They are widely used for groundwater, engineering site investigation, mineral prospecting and environmental work.
Deep and very deep targets are studied by seismic, gravity and magnetotelluric methods. Groundwater is a major application but not the only one, so option D is too narrow.
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