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Overvoltage is the excess voltage needed above the theoretical value because of

  • A.the temperature of the cell
  • B.the slowness of the electrode reaction
  • C.the resistance of the connecting wires
  • D.the concentration of the electrolyte

Answer: B

Activation of the electrode process, and the accumulation or depletion of species at its surface, both demand extra driving force. Hydrogen's overvoltage on mercury is large, which is what makes some electrolyses possible at all.

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