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Identify the incorrectly matched pair about the characteristics of a pn junction diode

  • A.Cut-in voltage - Voltage up to which voltage-independent reverse current exists
  • B.Reverse bias - Leakage current region below breakdown voltage
  • C.No bias - No net current due to diffusion and drift
  • D.Breakdown Voltage - Sudden large current due to avalanche effect occurs
  • E.Forward bias - moderate ohmic region above barrier voltage

Answer: A

The incorrectly matched pair is Cut-in voltage - Voltage up to which voltage-independent reverse current exists.

The cut-in (knee or threshold) voltage belongs to forward bias: it is the forward voltage beyond which the current rises sharply, about 0.7 V for silicon and 0.3 V for germanium. The small, nearly voltage-independent current is the reverse saturation current, which flows under reverse bias below breakdown.

The other pairs are correct: under reverse bias only a small leakage current flows until breakdown; with no bias the diffusion and drift currents cancel; at breakdown a sudden large current flows (by avalanche or Zener effect); and beyond the barrier voltage in forward bias the current rises nearly linearly.

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