Discussion
The magnitude of the torque experienced by an electric dipole of dipole moment P placed at an angle of 300 in a uniform electric field E is
Answer: C
The torque is \(\frac{PE}{2}\).
A dipole in a uniform field experiences a torque \(\tau = PE\sin\theta\), where \(\theta\) is the angle between the dipole moment and the field. At 30 degrees:
\[ \tau = PE\sin 30^{\circ} = \frac{PE}{2} \]
\(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}PE\) uses the cosine instead of the sine; the cosine appears in the potential energy, \(U = -PE\cos\theta\), not in the torque. PE is the maximum torque, at 90 degrees.
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