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The coefficient of \(x^{8}\) in \((x^{2} + x^{3} + x^{4} + x^{5})^{5}\) is :

  • A.13
  • B.10
  • C.20
  • D.0

Answer: D

The coefficient is 0.

Every term of \((x^{2} + x^{3} + x^{4} + x^{5})^{5}\) is a product of five factors, each of degree at least 2, so every term has degree at least \(5 \times 2 = 10\). In fact

\[ \begin{aligned} (x^{2} + \cdots + x^{5})^{5} \\ = x^{10}(1 + x + x^{2} + x^{3})^{5} \end{aligned} \]

so the lowest power present is \(x^{10}\), and \(x^{8}\) does not occur.

13, 10 and 20 would be coefficients of higher powers; for example the coefficient of \(x^{11}\) is 5. The trap is to count solutions of \(e_{1} + \cdots + e_{5} = 8\) without noticing each \(e_{i} \ge 2\).

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