Discussion
Longitudinal static stability requires that the pitching moment curve against angle of attack has
Answer: A
Correct answer: A negative slope
Static stability requires a restoring moment. If a disturbance raises the angle of attack, the aircraft must generate a nose-down moment to bring it back, which means
\[ \frac{dC_m}{d\alpha} < 0 \]
A positive slope would amplify the disturbance and a zero slope would leave the aircraft neutrally stable, with no tendency to return. The condition is equivalent to the centre of gravity lying forward of the neutral point, and the distance between them - the static margin - measures how negative the slope is.
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