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On a T-tail, the horizontal surface is placed at the fin tip principally to

  • A.Keep it clear of the wing wake and jet efflux
  • B.Reduce the aircraft's weight
  • C.Shorten the tail arm
  • D.Reduce the fin's effectiveness

Answer: A

Correct answer: Keep it clear of the wing wake and jet efflux

Mounting the tailplane at the fin tip puts it above the wing's downwash and wake, and clear of the efflux of rear-fuselage engines, so it works in cleaner air and is more effective per unit area.

It also raises the fin's effective aspect ratio, the tailplane acting as an end plate. The costs are real: the fin must carry the tailplane's loads down to the fuselage and so is heavier, and the high tail can be blanketed at extreme angle of attack, which is the deep stall hazard.

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