Discussion
Statement I: The vertical tail volume coefficient is normalised on the wing span.
Statement II: Yawing moments are conventionally referred to the span, as pitching moments are to the mean chord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Both are true and the second explains the first. Yawing and rolling moments are non-dimensionalised on the span, and pitching moments on the mean aerodynamic chord, so each tail volume coefficient uses the reference length appropriate to the moments its surface produces.
That is why \( V_H \) divides by \( S\bar{c} \) and \( V_V \) by \( Sb \), and why the two coefficients are numerically very different - typically around 1.0 and 0.08 - without the vertical tail being in any sense undersized.
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