Discussion
Assertion: a plant's specific energy consumption must be normalised before it is benchmarked. Reason: product mix and capacity utilisation change the figure without any change in efficiency.
Answer: A
Correct answer: both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason explains the assertion
Both are true and the reason gives the necessity. A plant running at part load or making a different product mix will show a different specific consumption without any change in how well it uses energy, so an unnormalised comparison against a benchmark measures the circumstances rather than the performance. Normalisation removes those effects before the comparison is made.
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