Discussion
Assertion: hydrogen is used for seasonal storage despite its poor efficiency. Reason: the store itself is cheap per unit of energy held.
Answer: A
Correct answer: both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason explains the assertion
Both are true and the reason is the trade being made. Hydrogen returns only 30 to 40 per cent of what it takes in, but the store itself - a salt cavern, or a depleted gas field - costs very little per kilowatt hour held and loses nothing while standing. For seasonal balancing the cost of capacity dominates and the cost of losses does not, so a cheap inefficient store beats an efficient expensive one. The reverse holds for daily cycling, which is why batteries win there.
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