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Which function plays the role of the streamfunction on an isentropic surface?

  • A.The geopotential, whose gradient gives the geostrophic wind on a surface of constant pressure rather than entropy
  • B.The Exner function
  • C.The velocity potential, whose gradient gives the divergent component of the horizontal wind at that level
  • D.The Montgomery streamfunction

Answer: D

The Montgomery streamfunction combines the geopotential with the product of the specific heat and the temperature, and its gradient on an isentropic surface gives the geostrophic wind there. It plays exactly the part that geopotential plays on an isobaric surface. Introducing it is what makes the isentropic geostrophic relation as simple as the isobaric one. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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