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Which process breaks the isentropic trajectory assumption?

  • A.The rotation of the Earth, which introduces a Coriolis deflection that a two dimensional method cannot handle
  • B.Diabatic heating such as latent heat release
  • C.Horizontal advection by the wind, which carries the parcel across the isentropic surface into the next one
  • D.Adiabatic ascent

Answer: B

Condensation, radiation and turbulent mixing all change the potential temperature of a parcel and move it to a different surface, so trajectories through cloud cannot be computed by this method. Adiabatic motion along the surface and horizontal advection within it are precisely what the method represents correctly. The Coriolis force is included through the wind field. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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