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Which structure does an isentropic potential vorticity map reveal?

  • A.The distribution of rainfall across the region, since potential vorticity is generated by the diabatic heating
  • B.The surface pressure
  • C.The position of the surface fronts, which appear as sharp gradients of potential vorticity at the lowest level
  • D.The stratospheric reservoir of high values and its intrusions into the troposphere

Answer: D

Stratospheric air has potential vorticity an order of magnitude greater than tropospheric air, so maps on an isentropic surface cutting the tropopause show the stratospheric reservoir and the tongues drawn out of it during cyclogenesis. Following those tongues as material contours is the essence of the potential vorticity view of weather systems. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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