Discussion
Which atmospheric process generates entropy most strongly?
Answer: C
Turbulent mixing of air masses of different potential temperature, frictional dissipation, and the irreversible transfer of heat across a finite temperature difference all generate entropy. Adiabatic ascent and descent are reversible to a good approximation and generate almost none. The distinction between reversible and irreversible processes is what the second law makes meaningful. Reading the definition literally, rather than recalling a formula, is the reliable route through questions of this shape.
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