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Which quantity is conserved during that adiabatic rearrangement?

  • A.The temperature of each individual parcel, which must remain unchanged as the rearrangement is carried out
  • B.The pressure
  • C.The kinetic energy of the flow, which is not affected by any rearrangement of the mass within the atmosphere
  • D.The mass between each pair of isentropic surfaces

Answer: D

Adiabatic rearrangement moves parcels without changing their potential temperature, so the mass contained between any two isentropic surfaces is preserved. Temperature and pressure both change as the parcels are moved. The construction is a thought experiment rather than a physical process, but it gives a well defined and computable reference against which the actual state is measured. Checking the units of each quantity catches a wrong formula before the arithmetic begins.

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