Discussion
The phenomenon of 'demographic dividend' of a country is related to:
Answer: D
It is related to an increase in the population in the working age group.
The demographic dividend is the boost to economic growth that becomes possible when the share of people of working age (roughly 15 to 64) rises relative to dependent children and elderly people. With more earners and fewer dependants, savings, investment and output can all rise, provided the workers are educated, healthy and employed.
A fall in infant mortality and fertility is part of the demographic transition that eventually produces this bulge, but it is not itself the dividend. A sharp decline in total population and a change in the sex ratio do not describe it at all.
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