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Imagine that the sex ratio in Kerala decreases from 2011 census to 2021 census; which could hypothetically be the reason/s among the following ?

(i) There is a mass male return migration.
(ii) There is mass exodus of females to other countries.
(iii) There is a decrease in the female feticide.

  • A.(i) only
  • B.(ii) only
  • C.Both (i) and (ii)
  • D.Both (i) and (iii)

Answer: C

Both (i) and (ii) could explain it, so the answer is Both (i) and (ii).

The sex ratio is the number of females per 1,000 males. It falls when the count of males rises relative to females, or the count of females falls relative to males.

A mass return migration of men (i) adds males to the resident population, and a mass exodus of women abroad (ii) removes females; both lower the ratio. A decrease in female foeticide (iii) works the other way: more girls are born, which raises the sex ratio. So any option containing (iii) is wrong, and (i) or (ii) alone is incomplete.

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