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Which disaster is most commonly caused by prolonged drought ?

  • A.Flooding
  • B.Soil erosion and desertification
  • C.Tsunami
  • D.Volcanic eruption

Answer: B

The answer is soil erosion and desertification.

A prolonged drought kills vegetation and dries out the soil. Without plant roots to bind it and cover to shelter it, the topsoil is blown or washed away, and land in dry regions can degrade into desert-like conditions. This land degradation is called desertification.

Flooding is caused by too much water, not too little. Tsunamis are caused by undersea earthquakes or landslides, and volcanic eruptions by movements of magma; neither has anything to do with rainfall.

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