Discussion
What is the primary reason for the Ministry of Environment, Forests (MOEF) issuing notifications on ash Utilization?
(i) To increase the production of coal and lignite in the country
(ii) To reduce the requirements of land for ash disposal and address pollution caused by ash
(iii) To promote the use of imported coal with lower ash content
Answer: B
The primary reason is (ii), so the answer is only (ii).
Coal-based thermal power stations produce large volumes of fly ash. The Ministry's fly ash notifications, first issued in 1999 and amended several times since, require its use in bricks, cement, road building and similar work so that less land is needed for ash ponds and the air and water pollution caused by dumped ash is reduced.
Statement (i) is wrong because the notifications regulate the disposal of ash, not the output of coal and lignite. Statement (iii) is wrong because promoting imported coal is a matter of fuel policy, not of ash utilisation. Every other option includes (i) or (iii); option D also lists a (iv) that does not appear in the question.
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