Discussion
The CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board) is constituted under :
Answer: B
The CPCB is constituted under Section 3(1) of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
The Water Act, 1974 was India's first major pollution control law. Section 3 provides for the constitution of the Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, which was later renamed the Central Pollution Control Board. Section 4 of the same Act provides for the State Pollution Control Boards.
The Air Act, 1981 gave the same Board functions in respect of air pollution but did not create it, and the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 came twelve years after the Board was constituted, so the options citing those Acts are wrong.
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