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Which term is absorbed into effective gravity?

  • A.The centrifugal acceleration of the Earth's rotation
  • B.The Coriolis acceleration acting on the vertical component of the velocity of an air parcel
  • C.The advective term
  • D.The vertical pressure gradient force, which is what balances the weight of the overlying column

Answer: A

Because the centrifugal acceleration of the Earth's own rotation depends only on position, it can be combined with Newtonian gravitation into a single effective gravity that is the gradient of a modified potential. This is why the centrifugal term rarely appears explicitly in the equations even though the frame is rotating. The Coriolis term depends on velocity and cannot be so absorbed, and the other two are quite different terms. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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