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How wide is a mid-latitude cyclone taken to be in a standard scale analysis?

  • A.10 kilometres, which is closer to the horizontal extent of an individual deep convective cell
  • B.100 kilometres
  • C.10000 kilometres, which is the distance from the equator to the pole measured along a meridian
  • D.1000 kilometres

Answer: D

About 1000 kilometres is the characteristic width of a mid-latitude cyclone and gives a Rossby number near 0.1 when combined with the standard velocity and Coriolis scales. Ten kilometres describes a convective cell and ten thousand the planetary scale. The choice of length scale is what distinguishes synoptic from mesoscale and planetary dynamics, and each regime has its own set of valid approximations that follow from it. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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