Discussion
The virial equation is preferred over a cubic when
Answer: B
Correct answer: the gas is at moderate pressure with known coefficients
The virial equation is a theoretically grounded series in density, and truncating it after the second coefficient describes a gas well up to moderate pressures - roughly to half the critical density. What it cannot do is represent a liquid or the critical region, since the truncated series has no second root; a cubic equation is used there. Its virtue is that the coefficients have real meaning, and its limitation is that they must be known.
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