Discussion
100 kg tomato juice containing 5% Total Solids (w/w) is concentrated to 25% Total Solids (w/w). The total amount of water removed from tomato juice in kg is
Answer: D
The water removed is 80 kg.
The solids are not evaporated, so they balance across the concentrator:
\[ \begin{aligned} \text{solids} &= 0.05 \times 100 = 5\ \text{kg} \\ \text{concentrate} &= \frac{5}{0.25} = 20\ \text{kg} \\ \text{water removed} &= 100 - 20 = 80\ \text{kg} \end{aligned} \]
The concentrate weighs only 20 kg, so 80 kg of the original 100 kg must have gone as water. Removing 65, 70 or 75 kg would leave 35, 30 or 25 kg holding 5 kg of solids, which is 14%, 17% or 20% solids, not the required 25%.
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