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Which measure did MYCIN use to handle uncertainty?

  • A.Fuzzy membership grades
  • B.Dempster Shafer belief functions, which assign mass to sets of hypotheses rather than to one
  • C.Certainty factors
  • D.Bayesian posterior probabilities computed from a full joint distribution over findings

Answer: C

Certainty factors combine a measure of belief and a measure of disbelief into a single number between minus one and one, propagated by simple combination formulae. They were adopted because the joint probabilities Bayes would need were unavailable. Fuzzy grades and belief functions are rival schemes. Certainty factors were later shown to be sound only under strong independence assumptions, which is why probability displaced them. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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