Discussion
A single gene can often have multiple effects on the phenotype of an organism, affecting a number of apparently unrelated traits. This phenomenon is known as :
Answer: C
The phenomenon is pleiotropy.
Pleiotropy is when one gene affects several, apparently unrelated traits. Phenylketonuria is a classic example: one defective enzyme causes intellectual disability, light pigmentation and other effects. Sickle-cell anaemia also shows it.
Epistasis is the masking of one gene's effect by another gene. Polygenic inheritance is the reverse of pleiotropy: many genes together control a single trait, such as height. An epigenetic effect is a heritable change in gene expression without a change in DNA sequence.
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