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Consider the following statements about Miner's rule:

1. Damage is summed as cycles applied over cycles to failure at each level.

2. Failure is predicted when the sum reaches one.

3. It accounts correctly for load sequence effects.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

  • A.1 and 3 only
  • B.2 and 3 only
  • C.1, 2 and 3
  • D.1 and 2 only

Answer: D

Correct answer: 1 and 2 only

Statements 1 and 2 state the rule correctly: the damage at each level is \( n_i/N_i \), and failure is predicted when the sum reaches unity. Statement 3 is the rule’s known weakness - it is linear and order-independent, so it cannot represent the retardation that follows an overload or the acceleration that can follow a compressive one.

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