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An amplifier of \( 80 \ \mathrm{dB} \) open-loop gain is closed to \( 40 \ \mathrm{dB} \). Its loop gain is about

  • A.80 dB
  • B.120 dB
  • C.20 dB
  • D.40 dB

Answer: D

Loop gain in decibels is the difference between the two:

\[ 80 - 40 = 40 \ \mathrm{dB} \]

which is 40 dB, a factor of a hundred, so every internal imperfection is divided by about a hundred. Reading the loop gain straight off a Bode plot as the vertical gap between the open-loop curve and the closed-loop line is one of the construction's most useful properties.

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