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Consider the following statements about negative feedback.

1. It divides internal distortion by one plus the loop gain

2. It multiplies the bandwidth by one plus the loop gain

3. It divides the input impedance by one plus the loop gain in every topology

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

  • A.2 and 3 only
  • B.1, 2 and 3
  • C.1 and 2 only
  • D.1 and 3 only

Answer: C

The first two are correct and the third overgeneralises: shunt feedback divides the input impedance but series feedback multiplies it, so the direction depends on the topology. Distortion and bandwidth improve by the same factor whatever the topology, which is why those two can be stated unconditionally and the impedance effects cannot. Knowing which results are general and which are topology-dependent is most of using this subject. Reading the definition literally, rather than recalling a formula, is the reliable route through questions of this shape.

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