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An amplifier with feedback shows a peaked frequency response and rings on a step. What should be adjusted?

  • A.The feedback fraction, to raise the closed-loop gain
  • B.The input coupling capacitor, to lower its break
  • C.The supply decoupling, to reduce the ringing
  • D.The compensation, to increase the phase margin

Answer: D

Peaking with ringing is the signature of a small phase margin, so the remedy is compensation: a dominant pole to bring the crossover down, or a lead network to recover phase at it. Raising the closed-loop gain would also help, by reducing the loop gain, but it changes the amplifier's job rather than fixing it. Coupling capacitors and decoupling act elsewhere. A frequency-domain symptom and a time-domain one pointing at the same cause is the normal case, since they are two views of one response.

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