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An amplifier oscillates at unity gain but is stable at a gain of ten. What does this indicate?

  • A.Insufficient phase margin at the higher crossover
  • B.A faulty feedback resistor in the network
  • C.Excessive open-loop gain at low frequency
  • D.A coupling capacitor that is too small

Answer: A

At unity gain the loop gain is at its largest, so the crossover frequency is highest and the accumulated phase greatest - the margin has run out there but not at a gain of ten. A faulty resistor would misset the gain rather than produce this pattern, low-frequency gain is wanted, and coupling capacitors act at the other end. That stability depends on the closed-loop gain is why devices are specified as unity-gain stable or not. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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