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What happens when a positive feedback loop's gain reaches unity?

  • A.The circuit oscillates
  • B.The gain falls to zero
  • C.The bandwidth becomes infinite
  • D.The impedances become purely resistive

Answer: A

With unity loop gain and zero net phase, the denominator becomes zero and the circuit sustains an output with no input - it oscillates. That is the Barkhausen condition, a failure in an amplifier and the design target in an oscillator. Neither the gain nor the bandwidth behaves as the other options suggest. The same condition appearing as a fault in one topic and an objective in another is worth noticing, since the mathematics is identical. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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