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Why does a field effect transistor's bias need to accommodate a wide parameter spread?

  • A.Pinch-off voltage and saturation current both vary widely
  • B.Its threshold voltage drifts substantially in service
  • C.Its transconductance depends on the supply voltage used
  • D.Its gate leakage varies by orders of magnitude between devices

Answer: A

Both the saturation current and the pinch-off voltage vary two or three to one across a part number, so the operating point must be tolerant of a whole area of the transfer characteristic rather than a point. Thresholds are stable in service, transconductance does not follow the supply, and gate leakage is negligible either way. The spread is if anything worse than beta's, which is why graphical design against a maximum and minimum curve is conventional here. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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