Discussion
Which form does the first law take for an atmospheric parcel?
Answer: C
Writing the law in terms of enthalpy gives \( dq = c_p dT - \alpha dp \), where alpha is the specific volume, and this is the form used throughout meteorology. It is convenient because atmospheric parcels change pressure as they move vertically. Setting the heat term to zero and substituting hydrostatic balance immediately gives the dry adiabatic lapse rate. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.
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