Discussion
The information needed for estimating the design flood using Rational formula is
Answer: D
The Rational formula needs the time of concentration of the catchment.
The formula is \(Q = CIA/360\) (Q in m3/s, I in mm/h, A in ha). The rainfall intensity I must be taken for a storm duration equal to the time of concentration, the time for water from the most remote point to reach the outlet, because that is when the whole catchment contributes and the peak occurs.
Cumulative infiltration and antecedent moisture are not inputs; their effect is lumped into the runoff coefficient C (they matter in the SCS curve number method). A catchment shape factor is not part of the Rational formula either, though shape influences the time of concentration.
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