Discussion
Match the following measuring instruments with the appropriate figures.
I - Pitot probe
II - Pitot-static probe
III - Piezometer
Answer: B
The correct match is I - R; II - Q; III - P.
- Pitot probe (R): a single L-shaped tube whose open end faces the oncoming flow. The fluid is brought to rest at the opening, so the gauge reads the stagnation (total) pressure.
- Pitot-static probe (Q): two concentric tubes. The inner one is open at the nose and senses stagnation pressure; the outer one has holes in its side wall, parallel to the flow, which sense static pressure. Their difference gives the dynamic pressure and hence the velocity.
- Piezometer (P): a tapping flush with the pipe wall, which disturbs nothing and reads the static pressure only.
The options pairing P with either probe give a wall tapping the job of a probe that has to sit in the stream, and those calling Q a simple Pitot probe ignore its second, static-pressure tube.
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