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Consider a fluid flow around an airfoil as shown in figure.

Airfoil along the x axis with the flow approaching at 30 degrees to x. From the trailing edge O, OA points along x, OB at 30 degrees to x, OC along y, and OD at right angles to OB

The directions of drag force and lift force, respectively are along

  • A.OA and OC.
  • B.OA and OD.
  • C.OB and OC.
  • D.OB and OD.

Answer: D

Drag acts along OB and lift along OD.

By definition, drag is the component of the aerodynamic force parallel to the free-stream velocity, and lift is the component perpendicular to it. The free stream approaches at 30 degrees to the airfoil's x axis, and OB is drawn at 30 degrees to x, so OB is the free-stream direction and drag acts along it. OD is drawn at right angles to OB, so it is the lift direction.

OA and OC are the body (chord) axes. Forces along them are the axial and normal components, which coincide with drag and lift only at zero angle of attack.

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