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Why does direct FM need frequency control at all?

  • A.The deviation limiter interferes with the oscillator's bias
  • B.The audio chain introduces a slowly varying offset voltage
  • C.A pulled oscillator cannot be crystal controlled
  • D.The multiplier chain would otherwise multiply the drift as well

Answer: C

Varying an oscillator's tuned circuit means it cannot also be crystal controlled, so its centre frequency drifts with temperature and supply and must be steered back. There is no multiplier chain in a direct transmitter, which is the Armstrong method's feature. The deviation limiter acts on audio. And a well designed audio chain has no drifting offset. The choice between direct and indirect generation is essentially a choice about where the stability comes from.

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