Discussion
A patient consumes 100 ml of soup containing 20g of carbohydrates, 5g of protein, 2g of fat and 70 ml of water. What will be the calorific value of the soup ?
Answer: D
The soup provides 118 kcal.
Use the energy factors for each nutrient: 4 kcal per gram of carbohydrate, 4 kcal per gram of protein and 9 kcal per gram of fat. Water supplies no energy.
\[ \begin{aligned} \text{carbohydrate} &= 20 \times 4 = 80 \\ \text{protein} &= 5 \times 4 = 20 \\ \text{fat} &= 2 \times 9 = 18 \\ \text{total} &= 80 + 20 + 18 = 118\ \text{kcal} \end{aligned} \]
80 kcal counts only the carbohydrate. 108 kcal comes from counting fat at 4 kcal a gram instead of 9, and 110 kcal is a near miss with no nutritional basis.
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