Discussion
The scattering in which the scattered radiation has exactly the same wavelength as that of incident wavelength, is known as :
Answer: C
Scattering with no change in wavelength is Rayleigh scattering.
When light strikes molecules, most of the scattered light is elastic: the photons keep the same energy and so the same wavelength as the incident light. This is Rayleigh scattering, whose intensity varies as the inverse fourth power of wavelength, which is why the sky is blue.
A very small fraction is scattered inelastically, the Raman effect, with a shift in energy. Stokes lines have longer wavelengths than the incident light (the molecule gains vibrational energy), and anti-Stokes lines shorter wavelengths (the molecule loses energy). Raman spectroscopy uses these shifted lines, which is why it is valuable for identifying drugs, inks and explosives.
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