Discussion
Which of the following microscope has the highest resolution ?
Answer: B
The highest resolution is given by the TEM, the transmission electron microscope.
Resolution is limited by the wavelength of the illumination. Electrons accelerated through high voltages have wavelengths far shorter than light, so electron microscopes resolve much finer detail. In a TEM the beam passes through an ultra-thin specimen, giving resolution down to about 0.1-0.2 nm, enough to image atomic lattices.
The SEM scans a focused beam over the surface and builds an image from secondary electrons; its resolution is a few nanometres, coarser than the TEM, but it gives three-dimensional surface views and, with EDX, elemental analysis of gunshot residue. Stereo and fluorescence microscopes use light and are limited to about 200 nm.
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