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Which of the following statements is correct for formant frequency of vowel ?

  • A.F1 will be higher in low vowels
  • B.F1 will be lower in low vowels
  • C.F1 will be higher in high vowels
  • D.F1 will be lower in schwa than in high vowels

Answer: A

The correct statement is that F1 will be higher in low vowels.

The first formant (F1) is linked to tongue height: the lower the tongue and the more open the mouth, the higher the F1. So low (open) vowels such as /a/ have a high F1, around 700 to 800 Hz, while high (close) vowels such as /i/ and /u/ have a low F1, around 300 Hz.

The other statements reverse this relation. Schwa, a mid vowel, has an F1 between the two extremes, higher than in high vowels, so the last option is also wrong.

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