Discussion
Protection of life and personal liberty has been sanctioned to the citizen of India under which of the following Articles of the Constitution ?
Answer: B
Protection of life and personal liberty is guaranteed by Article 21.
Article 21 says that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Since the Maneka Gandhi case (1978) the procedure must be just, fair and reasonable, and the courts have read many rights into it, such as privacy and a speedy trial. It applies to every person, citizens and non-citizens alike.
Article 19 guarantees freedoms such as speech and movement, Article 20 protects against ex post facto laws, double jeopardy and self-incrimination, and Article 22 protects against arbitrary arrest and detention.
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