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Which of the following tests is best suited for species determination from semen stains ?

  • A.Gel electrophoresis
  • B.Precipitin test
  • C.Cross over electrophoresis
  • D.Inhibition test

Answer: C

The best test is cross over electrophoresis.

Species origin is decided by an antigen-antibody reaction with species-specific antisera. In crossover electrophoresis (counter-immunoelectrophoresis), the extract of the stain and the antiserum are placed in wells in a gel and an electric current drives them towards each other, so a precipitin line forms quickly where they meet. Driving the reactants together makes it much more sensitive and faster than the simple precipitin test, which suits the small amounts of protein in a dried semen stain.

The ring precipitin test works on the same reaction, but it is less sensitive. Gel electrophoresis alone separates proteins without identifying the species, and the inhibition test is used for blood grouping.

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